"In their widely quoted book Weapons of Mass Deception [3], Sheldon Rampton and John Stauber argued in 2003 that the U.S. government used the shock of the 9/11 attacks to justify an invasion of Iraq. Bush counter-terrorism coordinator Richard Clarke further denounces President George Bush for using the attacks as a pretext for the war in his book Against All Enemies published last March. For propaganda expert Nancy Snow ... 'if war is the paint, then propaganda is the paint primer that makes possible the total devotion of the public to the just cause of the state in wartime.'"