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The Senate will hold a cloture vote Tuesday on Employee Free Choice Act [6] (S.1041). The bill passed the House by 241-185 [7] in March and would level the playing field for workers seeking to form unions.

Current labor laws [8] make it extremely difficult for America's workers to form unions without harassment [9] and intimidation from their employers. Many employers want it both ways—workers who produce a lot but who are not paid enough for what they do. The union difference makes a big difference: When comparing wages alone, union workers on average make 30 percent more [10] - that's a median weekly wage of $833 for a union worker compared with $642 for a full-time nonunion worker in 2006. (The full picture of the union difference is here [11].)

Improving the wages and working conditions of workers—and in the process, salvaging our shrinking middle class—is a big reason why we in the union movement have fought for the Employee Free Choice Act. The act would give workers more options in forming unions and level the playing field that's now tilted largely toward the boss.

Some 60 million workers [12] say they would join a union if they could—but our labor laws, dating back to the 1930s, are skewed in favor of corporate giants who spend big bucks to harass and intimidate workers. And it works—after all, how many people want to lose their jobs? (Although it’s illegal to fire workers for forming unions, management does it anyway, counting on the fact that it often takes years for a worker’s appeal to wind its way through the regional and national labor boards and even the courts.)

Opponents of the Employee Free Choice Act say it would take away the secret ballot election process. It would not. The Employee Free Choice Act does not take away the ballot-election process [13] (which all-too often is controlled by the employer). The act would add another option, the majority sign-up process, in which workers seeking to form a union could sign cards indicating their desire to do so. Majority sign-up is much faster than the government-run balloting process and leaves less time for employers to harass and intimidate workers so they will back off from joining a union.

Here's why U.S. workers need the Employee Free Choice Act.

• The freedom to form unions is a workplace rights issue. Ninety-two percent of private-sector employers, when faced with employees who want to join together in a union, force employees to attend closed-door meetings to hear anti-union propaganda; 80 percent require supervisors to attend training sessions on attacking unions; and 78 percent require that supervisors deliver anti-union messages to workers they oversee. (More stats here [14].)
• The freedom to form unions is a human rights issue. In the 1950s, workers who suffered reprisals for exercising the right to freedom of association numbered in the hundreds each year. In 1969, the number was more than 6,000. By the early 2000s, some 20,000 workers each year [15] suffered a reprisal serious enough for the National Labor Relations Board to issue a “back pay” or other remedial order, according to Lance Compa. Compa is a senior lecturer at Cornell University and author of the 2000 Human Rights Watch report Unfair Advantage: Workers’ Freedom of Association in the United States under International Human Rights Standards.
• The freedom to form unions is a civil rights issue. As AFL-CIO executive. Last month, the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights issued a report [16] illustrating the connection between the freedom to form unions and civil rights. Quoting the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., the report states that
  

  today, the labor and civil rights movements confront another shared crisis—the systematic, often brutal denial of the right of American workers "to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively... and to engage in other concerted activities.

• The freedom to form unions is a take-back-our-nation-from-corporate-thugs issue. Union-busting [17] is a multi-million dollar business, and some employers who refuse to bump up workers wages by a few cents or a few dollars, are more than willing to shell out big bucks to bring in so-called "union avoidance" firms. Chirag Mehta and Nik Theodore at the Center for Urban Economic Development share an example [18] that illustrates how quickly support [19] for unionization can erode when a management consultant is involved:
  

  As soon as the employer found out the union was involved, they flew in their consultants. They had the consultant working in the nursing home for five straight weeks. We had 35 workers out of 43 who signed cards when we filed for an election. In the last week before the election, we had only 28 workers. Then, on the Monday night before the election, we had a meeting and no one showed up. We lost the election two days later by a landslide, 29 to 12.

• The freedom to form unions is an economic issue, a matter of restoring our nation's priorities, the foundation of which is strengthening America's middle class.

The freedom to form unions is an issue we all need to care about because it's one of the most critical issues for the future of our nation's middle class.